동남아 국가들이 사용하는 언어

📄 동남아시아 국가별 주요 언어 정리

국가 주요 언어 및 어족
태국 태국어 (Tai-Kadai어족, 타이어파)
베트남 베트남어 (오스트로아시아어족, 몬크메르어파)
미얀마 (버마) 버마어 (티베트-버마어파, 중국티베트어족)
캄보디아 크메르어 (오스트로아시아어족, 몬크메르어파)
라오스 라오어 (Tai-Kadai어족, 타이어파)
말레이시아 말레이어 (오스트로네시아어족, 말레이폴리네시아어파)
인도네시아 인도네시아어 (오스트로네시아어족, 말레이폴리네시아어파)
필리핀 필리핀어(타갈로그어) 및 영어 (오스트로네시아어족)
동티모르 테툼어(오스트로네시아어족), 포르투갈어 (공식어)
브루나이 말레이어 (오스트로네시아어족)
싱가포르 영어(공식어), 말레이어, 중국어, 타밀어 등 다언어 국가

부가 설명

  • 오스트로네시아어족: 말레이어, 인도네시아어, 타갈로그어 등 주요 섬 지역 언어 대부분 포함
  • 티베트-버마어파: 미얀마와 인근 산악 지역 언어
  • 타이-카다이어족: 태국, 라오스 언어
  • 오스트로아시아어족: 베트남어, 크메르어 등 대륙부 지역 언어

댓글

댓글 쓰기

이 블로그의 인기 게시물

To integrate Spring Boot with your gRPC service using Gradle, Java, and Avro

To integrate Spring Boot with your gRPC service using Gradle , Java , and Avro , we’ll modify the setup to include Spring Boot dependencies. The goal is to run the gRPC service inside a Spring Boot application, making it easier to manage configurations, beans, and dependencies. Below is a complete guide to adding Spring Boot to your existing gRPC + Avro project. Updated Project Structure grpc-avro-user-service/ │ ├── src/ │ ├── main/ │ │ ├── avro/ │ │ │ └── user .avsc │ │ ├── java/ │ │ │ ├── proto/ │ │ │ │ └── UserService .proto │ │ │ └── com/example/userservice/ │ │ │ ├── UserServiceImpl .java │ │ │ ├── GrpcServerConfig .java │ │ │ └── Application .java ├── build .gradle .kts └── settings .gradle .kts Step 1: Update build.gradle.kts to Add Spring Boot Dependencies Here’s the updated build.gradle.kts to include Spring Boot along with gRPC and Avro : plugins { java id( "com.google.protob...
자세한 내용 보기

max_active_runs of Airflow

In Apache Airflow, if you want to ensure that a new run of a DAG doesn’t start before the previous one has completed, you can use the max_active_runs parameter in the DAG definition. Setting this parameter to 1 ensures that only one instance of the DAG is running at any given time. Setting max_active_runs for a DAG Here’s an example of how to set up a DAG with max_active_runs=1 : from airflow import DAG from airflow.operators.dummy_operator import DummyOperator from datetime import datetime # Define the DAG with DAG( 'my_dag' , description= 'A sample DAG' , schedule_interval= '@daily' , # Set your schedule start_date=datetime( 2023 , 1 , 1 ), catchup= False , max_active_runs= 1 # This prevents new runs before the previous run completes ) as dag: # Define tasks start = DummyOperator(task_id= 'start' ) end = DummyOperator(task_id= 'end' ) # Define task dependencies ...
자세한 내용 보기

The logs of the kubelet service

The logs of the kubelet service can be found depending on how the system is set up. Here are the most common locations: 1. Systemd Logs If your system uses systemd to manage services (most modern Linux distributions do), you can view the kubelet logs using journalctl : View Real-time Logs: sudo journalctl -u kubelet -f View Historical Logs: sudo journalctl -u kubelet 2. Log File on Disk On some systems, kubelet writes its logs to a file in /var/log . The exact location depends on the configuration: Common Locations : /var/log/kubelet.log /var/lib/kubelet/logs If the log file is not there, check the kubelet service configuration for custom log paths. 3. Kubernetes Configuration Flags The kubelet log location can be customized using the --log-dir or --log-file flags in the kubelet service configuration. To verify: Check the kubelet service file: cat /etc/systemd/system/kubelet .service .d / 10 -kubeadm.conf Look for logging-related flags, such as: Exec...
자세한 내용 보기

To build a gRPC service with Gradle, Java, and Avro

To build a gRPC service with Gradle , Java , and Avro , follow these steps. This example will walk you through creating a basic user data service that allows clients to send and retrieve user information. Project Structure grpc-avro-user-service/ │ ├── src/ │ ├── main/ │ │ ├── avro/ │ │ │ └── user .avsc │ │ ├── java/ │ │ │ ├── proto/ │ │ │ │ └── UserService .proto │ │ │ └── com/example/userservice/ │ │ │ ├── UserServiceImpl .java │ │ │ └── App .java ├── build .gradle └── settings.gradle Step-by-Step Guide 1. Define the Avro Schema ( user.avsc ) Create an Avro schema for user data, which will be serialized and used by the service. src/main/avro/user.avsc : { "namespace" : "com.example.userservice" , "type" : "record" , "name" : "User" , "fields" : [ { "name" : "id" , "type" : "string" }, { ...
자세한 내용 보기

Fundamentals of English Grammar #1

That's a great textbook table of contents! It covers the fundamental tenses in English. Here is a summary of the highlighted sections, with example sentences and key learning tips. PRESENT TIME Item Topic Example Sentence(s) Learning Summary 1-1 The simple present and the present progressive Simple Present: The sun rises in the east. (Fact/Habit) / Present Progressive: She is studying for her exam right now. (Action in progress) Simple Present is for facts, habits, and routines . Present Progressive is for actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary situations . 1-3 Frequency adverbs I always drink coffee in the morning. / He is never late for class. These adverbs ( always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never ) describe how often an action occurs. Their position is key: before the main verb, but after the verb to be or auxiliary verbs. 1-4, 1-5 Final -s / Spelling of final -s/-es He read s a book. / She watch es TV. The final -s (or -es ) is adde...
자세한 내용 보기

Using venv in Python

Using venv in Python allows you to create a virtual environment, which is an isolated environment to manage dependencies for a specific project. Here's how you can use it step by step: 1. Create a Virtual Environment Open your terminal or command prompt. Navigate to the folder where you want to create the virtual environment. Run the following command: python -m venv myenv Replace myenv with the name you want for your virtual environment. This will create a directory named myenv containing the virtual environment. 2. Activate the Virtual Environment Activation depends on your operating system: On Windows : myenv \S cripts \a ctivate On macOS/Linux : source myenv /bin/ activate After activation, your terminal prompt will change, showing the name of the virtual environment (e.g., (myenv) ). 3. Install Dependencies With the virtual environment activated, you can now install packages using pip : pip install package _n ame For example: pip install req...
자세한 내용 보기

Sparse encoder

A Sparse Encoder refers to a variant of neural network architectures where sparsity is introduced in the encoding process. This can mean either: Sparse Input Representations : The input features to the encoder are sparse (many values are zero). Sparse Output Representations : The encoder is designed to produce sparse outputs where most of the encoded feature values are zero. Sparse encoders are often used to improve model interpretability, efficiency, and generalization. They can be applied in various contexts, including traditional neural networks, autoencoders, and even transformer-based models. Key Characteristics of Sparse Encoders Sparsity in Representations : The model learns a feature representation where only a subset of neurons is active for a given input. This mimics how biological neurons operate, promoting interpretability and reducing noise in representations. Reduced Computational Cost : Sparse operations often result in lower computational overhead since...
자세한 내용 보기

Firebase with Flutter

In Flutter, if you're integrating Firebase or any other libraries that require the BuildConfig class in your Android project, you may need to ensure that the buildConfig feature is enabled in your Android project’s configuration. This is especially needed when using some Firebase services or other plugins that refer to BuildConfig variables. Enabling buildConfig in build.gradle To enable BuildConfig , you need to modify the build.gradle file in your Android project: Open the android/app/build.gradle file. Inside the android block, make sure the buildFeatures section is included, with buildConfig set to true : android { compileSdkVersion 33 defaultConfig { applicationId "com.example.myflutterapp" minSdkVersion 21 targetSdkVersion 33 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } buildFeatures { buildConfig = true // This ensures that BuildConfig class is generated. } // Other c...
자세한 내용 보기

kubeadm init

The kubeadm init command is used to bootstrap the first control plane node in a Kubernetes cluster. Here's how you can initialize a control plane node step-by-step: 1. Prerequisites Ensure the Following: Operating System : Use a supported Linux distribution (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS, etc.). Container Runtime : Install a supported container runtime like containerd or CRI-O. kubeadm, kubelet, kubectl Installed : Install these tools using your package manager. apt update && apt install -y kubeadm kubelet kubectl Or on CentOS: yum install -y kubeadm kubelet kubectl Swap Disabled : swapoff - a sed - i '/swap/d' /etc/fstab Firewall Ports Open : Allow necessary Kubernetes ports such as 6443, 2379-2380, 10250, 10259, 10257. For example: sudo ufw allow 6443 /tcp sudo ufw allow 2379:2380 /tcp sudo ufw allow 10250:10259 /tcp 2. Run kubeadm init to Bootstrap the First Control Plane Basic Command Run the following command on the first control plane node: ...
자세한 내용 보기