Sparse output from sparse encoder

Let's create an example of a sparse output from a hypothetical sparse encoder. This encoder takes an input vector and outputs an encoded representation where most of the values are zero (i.e., sparse).

Example: Sparse Encoder Output

Input:

A dense input vector:

[0.9, 0.1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.2, 0.3]

Output:

A sparse encoded vector (after applying sparsity constraints, e.g., thresholding small values):

[0.9, 0.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.0, 0.0]

Code Example (Python)

Here's a Python code snippet that demonstrates how sparsity might be applied to an encoder's output:

import numpy as np

# Example input: Dense vector
input_vector = np.array([0.9, 0.1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.2, 0.3])

# Sparsity threshold: Values below this are set to zero
threshold = 0.5

# Applying sparsity
sparse_output = np.where(input_vector > threshold, input_vector, 0.0)

print("Dense Input: ", input_vector)
print("Sparse Output: ", sparse_output)

Output:

Dense Input:  [0.9 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.3]
Sparse Output:  [0.9 0.  0.8 0.6 0.  0. ]

Explanation

  • The thresholding operation introduces sparsity by zeroing out small values.
  • The sparse output retains only the significant features (above the threshold).

Real-World Example in NLP (Sparse Attention)

In transformers like Longformer or Reformer, sparse outputs are achieved through sparse attention mechanisms. For example, if processing a sentence:

Input:
["The", "cat", "sat", "on", "the", "mat"]

Attention Output (Sparse):
A sparse attention matrix focusing only on relevant words:

[
 [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0],
 [0.0, 1.0, 0.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
 [0.0, 0.8, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
 [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.6, 0.0],
 [0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.6, 1.0, 0.0],
 [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
]

Here, most connections have zero weight, reducing computation while maintaining key relationships.

Let me know if you'd like further details or code implementations!

댓글

댓글 쓰기

이 블로그의 인기 게시물

Gradle multi-module project

In a Gradle multi-module project , it's common to define shared dependencies in the parent project (root project) to avoid duplication across modules. This structure allows child modules to inherit or access those dependencies. Below are some best practices on how to correctly share dependencies between parent and child modules in a multi-module Gradle project . Project Structure Example multi-module-project/ ├── build .gradle .kts (Parent/root project) ├── settings .gradle .kts ├── module-a/ │ └── build .gradle .kts ├── module-b/ │ └── build .gradle .kts Step 1: Configure settings.gradle.kts In a multi-module project, the settings.gradle.kts file should declare all the modules that are part of the build. // settings.gradle.kts rootProject .name = "multi-module-project" // Include child modules include ( "module-a" , "module-b" ) Step 2: Define Shared Dependencies in the Parent build.gradle.kts The root build.gradle.kts ca...
자세한 내용 보기

Boilerplate for typescript server programing

Here are some recommended boilerplates and frameworks for TypeScript server programming, depending on your requirements: 1. NestJS (Highly Recommended for Enterprise-Grade Applications) NestJS is a progressive Node.js framework built with TypeScript. It provides an opinionated structure and is excellent for building scalable and maintainable server-side applications. Features : Dependency injection Modular architecture Built-in support for WebSockets, GraphQL, REST APIs Easy integration with tools like Swagger, TypeORM, and Mongoose Getting Started : Install Nest CLI: npm i -g @nestjs/cli nest new project-name Boilerplate is automatically generated with ready-to-use configurations for controllers, services, and modules. Website : https://nestjs.com/ 2. Express with TypeScript Express.js is lightweight and minimal, making it ideal for developers who prefer flexibility over opinionated frameworks. Boilerplate : You can start with an official or community-maintai...
자세한 내용 보기

HTML Inline divisions at one row by Tailwind

To arrange a **variable number of inline ` ` elements in a row** using **Tailwind CSS**, you can utilize several approaches, depending on your layout needs. Below are some common methods to align multiple divs in a row: ### 1. **Using Flexbox (`flex`)** Tailwind's `flex` utilities provide a straightforward way to align a variable number of ` ` elements inline in a row. Flexbox will ensure that they stay in a row, wrapping if necessary. #### **Example Using Flexbox** ```html Div 1 Div 2 Div 3 Div 4 ``` #### **Explanation:** - `flex`: Puts the child elements (the divs) in a row. - `flex-wrap`: Ensures that if there are too many divs to fit in one row, they will wrap to the next line. - `space-x-4`: Adds horizontal spacing between the divs (adjust as needed). ### 2. **Using Grid (`grid`)** Another way to align divs in a row is by using Tailwind's `grid` utilities. Grid layouts are very flexible and allow control over the number of columns. #### **Example Using ...
자세한 내용 보기

How to split a list into chunks of 100 items in JavaScript, 자바스크립트 리스트 쪼개기

To split a list into chunks of 100 items in JavaScript, you can create a function that loops through the list and slices it into smaller subarrays of size 100. Here’s how you can do it: Example Code: function splitListBy100( array ) { const chunkSize = 100 ; const result = []; for ( let i = 0 ; i < array .length; i += chunkSize) { result .push( array .slice(i, i + chunkSize)); } return result ; } // Example usage: const myArray = [... Array ( 350 ).keys()]; // Creating an array of numbers from 0 to 349 const chunks = splitListBy100(myArray); console.log(chunks); Explanation: chunkSize : Defines the size of each chunk, which in this case is 100. for loop : Iterates over the array, incrementing the index by 100 each time. array.slice(i, i + chunkSize) : Extracts a chunk from the array starting from index i and ending at i + chunkSize . result.push() : Adds the chunk to the result array. The function returns an array of arrays (...
자세한 내용 보기

CDPEvents in puppeteer

In Puppeteer , CDPEvents refers to events emitted by the Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP) . Puppeteer leverages CDP to interact with and control a Chromium-based browser. CDP provides detailed, low-level access to browser internals, such as network traffic, console logs, page lifecycle events, and more. You can listen to these CDP events through Puppeteer’s API to monitor or intercept browser activity. How to Listen for CDP Events in Puppeteer Enable the Required CDP Domain: Some events require enabling a particular domain (e.g., 'Network' , 'Page' , 'Runtime' ). Use page._client() to Access the CDP Session: Although it’s a bit lower-level, Puppeteer allows access to DevTools through the page._client() API. Example: Listening for Network Requests This example demonstrates how to intercept and log network requests using CDP. const puppeteer = require( 'puppeteer' ); ( async () => { const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ headless...
자세한 내용 보기

가속도 & 속도

F = ma 에서 가속도(( a ))는 속도(( v ))의 시간(( t ))에 대한 미분이므로, 수식으로 표현하면 다음과 같습니다. \[a = \frac{dv}{dt}\] 또한, 속도(( v ))는 위치(( x ))의 시간 미분이므로, 이를 포함하여 가속도를 표현하면 \[a = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{dx}{dt} \right) = \frac{d^2 x}{dt^2}\] 즉, 가속도는 위치의 이阶 미분(두 번째 미분)입니다.
자세한 내용 보기

Sparse encoder

A Sparse Encoder refers to a variant of neural network architectures where sparsity is introduced in the encoding process. This can mean either: Sparse Input Representations : The input features to the encoder are sparse (many values are zero). Sparse Output Representations : The encoder is designed to produce sparse outputs where most of the encoded feature values are zero. Sparse encoders are often used to improve model interpretability, efficiency, and generalization. They can be applied in various contexts, including traditional neural networks, autoencoders, and even transformer-based models. Key Characteristics of Sparse Encoders Sparsity in Representations : The model learns a feature representation where only a subset of neurons is active for a given input. This mimics how biological neurons operate, promoting interpretability and reducing noise in representations. Reduced Computational Cost : Sparse operations often result in lower computational overhead since...
자세한 내용 보기

How to checkout branch of remote git, 깃 리모트 브랜치 체크아웃

To check out a branch from a remote Git repository, you can follow these steps: 1. Fetch the remote branches First, ensure that your local repository is aware of the remote branches by using git fetch . This updates your local references to the remote branches. git fetch origin 2. Check out the remote branch Once the remote branches are fetched, you can check out the desired branch using git checkout -b and specifying the remote branch. Command: git checkout -b < local -branch- name > origin/<remote-branch- name > Explanation: <local-branch-name> : The name you want to give to your local branch. origin/<remote-branch-name> : Refers to the branch on the remote called origin (which is the default name for the main remote repository) and the branch you want to check out. Example: If the remote branch is called feature-branch and you want to create a local branch with the same name, you would run: git checkout -b feature -branch origin / feature -...
자세한 내용 보기

Declaration of custom object or type in Node.js

In Node.js, when you want to assign one object to another that is declared by a custom type or class, you typically need to ensure compatibility between the source object's structure and the target class's expectations. Here's a breakdown: Scenario 1: Assigning Plain Objects to Class Instances If you have a custom class and want to assign properties from a plain object to an instance of that class, you can use one of the following methods: Example: class CustomType { constructor (name, age) { this .name = name; this .age = age; } } // Plain object const plainObject = { name : "John" , age : 30 }; // Assign using Object.assign() const customInstance = new CustomType(); Object .assign(customInstance, plainObject); console .log(customInstance instanceof CustomType); // true console .log(customInstance); // CustomType { name: 'John', age: 30 } Scenario 2: Using a Constructor You can modify your class to accept an object in the c...
자세한 내용 보기

To switch to a specific tag in a Git repository

To switch to a specific tag in a Git repository, you can use the git checkout or git switch command. Here's how you can do it: 1. List Available Tags First, you may want to see a list of all available tags in the repository: git tag 2. Checkout a Specific Tag Once you know the tag you want to switch to, you can use either git checkout or git switch (if you're using a newer version of Git, which recommends git switch for checking out branches). Using git checkout : git checkout <tag- name > Using git switch (recommended for newer versions of Git): git switch -- detach <tag- name > The --detach flag is necessary because tags are not branches; they are just pointers to specific commits. Using --detach makes your HEAD point to the tag without modifying any branch. 3. Verify the Checkout After switching to the tag, verify that you're on the correct commit: git status This will show the tag you're currently on (you'll see somethi...
자세한 내용 보기